ABSTRACT
An investigation was carried out to study the soil properties at the Kusmunda of korba Dist. The main objectives of this study is to collect information of soil type, slope, acidity viz. of the soil causes trace element deficiencies, N, P and K deficiencies, to study the physical and chemical properties, to know what soil pH & conductivity is and how it is calculated, Crop fertility, Understand and analyze the soil quality of Kusmunda. Maximum Matasi Soil Samples of Kusmunda block have low water retention capacity & low fertility status. Then on saline nature of soil is due to the presence of carbonates & bicarbonates of Na+Ca2+,Mg2+,K+ and acidic nature is determined by the presence of chloride or sulphate salts of Na+ Mg2+ etc. High correlation between pH & Conductivity in soil is that pH values affect the conductivity. Conductivity based on salt ion mobility of soil. A decrease in the pH value decreases E.C. or any change in pH value induces a change or variability in the E.C. With the help of this study we found the pH & conductivity of the soil. Moreover we also get to know about the nature of the soil (acidic or basic) and the type of ions found in it. So we concluded that the pH of this area is mainly below 6.5 to 8.5. This causes soil acidity and low productivity, whereas electrical conductivity of this area is mainly below to 1, which are well within the limit for the normal crop growth and it suggests that soil is not salty.

Keywords: Deficiencies Toxicity, Loamy Soil, Parameters, Conductivity.

ABSTRACT
The report of World Health Organization (WHO) shows that India tops the world with the largest number of diabetic subjects. This increase is attributed to the rapid epidemiological transition accompanied by urbanization, which is occurring in India. There is very little data regarding the influence of affluence on the prevalence of diabetes and its complications particularly retinopathy in the Indian population. Furthermore, there are very few studies comparing the urban / rural prevalence of diabetes and its complications. In this report we followed the same parameters which were reported by V Mohan et al whether same parameters are applicable in different region of india or it may vary as per altitudes and climatic conditions.
Keywords:Diabetes Mellitus, Case Study, Coastal Region, Maharashtra.

ABSTRACT
This research was to formulation and evaluation of fast dissolving tablets of Imidapril using directcompression technique (effervescent) with sodium bicarbonate, mannitol, poly vinylpyrrolidone, citric acid. Eight different formulation of Imidapril were prepared by using different ratio of NAHCO3: MANNITOL by direct compression method. Thetablet was characterized by hardness, wetting time, weight variation; water Absorption Ratio, In Vitro Drug Release. All batches of fast dissolving tablets were satisfactory in terms of dissolution profile. The hardness, wetting time, water absorption ratio and wetting time were also shows the satisfactory result. The batches of all formulations, S6 batch with sodium bicarbonate: mannitol (1:3) showed more release than the other concentration and better results. The S6 batch of fast dissolving tablets was found to be 97.56 % drug release in 30 minutes. The S6 was the best of all eight formulations of Fast Dissolving Tablets of Imidapril. Bioavailability of Imidapril can be increased by formulating it as a Fast Dissolving Tablet.
Keywords: Imidapril, Fast dissolving tablet, Sodium bicarbonate, Mannitol, Citric acid.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research work was to formulate and evaluate the gastro retentive floating microspheres of Cefuroxime Axetil for the prolongation of gastric residence time. The microspheres were prepared by emulsion solvent diffusion-evaporation method. Based on Preliminary trials a 32 full factorial design was applied to optimize the formulation. An increasing concentration of Ethylcellulose and fixed concentration HPMC K100M was studied at three different levels arranged in 32 full factorial designs. The results of 32 full factorial design revealed that the concentration of Ethyl cellulose/ HPMC K100M (X1) and stirring speed (X2) significantly affected the particle size, drug entrapment efficiency, and percentage release after 12 h of microspheres. The best optimized batch of microspheres was compressed into tablet as final dosage form, and evaluated for hardness, friability , drug content, %floating study, %cumulative drug release study, and kinetic of drug release. The result of tablet formulation indicated that they were within pharmacopoeial limit. % cumulative drug release was 96.23% for 12 hours. Drug release data was best fitted into zero order kinetic with highest regression coefficient of 0.998.the drug release mechanism was found non fickian (anomalous transport).Stability study indicated that there was no change in formulation characteristics kept for 3 month at 40oC/75%RH.

Keywords: Cefuroxime Axetil, Ethyl Cellulose, Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, floating microspheres.

ABSTRACT
Occurrences of blue-green algae in rice field soils of Warangal, Andhra Pradesh have been studied. In the present study
rich diversity of heterocystous cyanobacteria was recorded from rice fields of Warangal District. 12 species, represented with 4 genera came under single order and 3 families have been reported from this area which includes Anabaena aequalis Borge, Anabaena constricta (szafer) Geitler, Anabaena fertilissima Rao C.B., Anabaena oryzae Fritsch, Anabaena variabilis Kutzing ex Born et Flah, Anabaena doliolum Bhardwaj, Nostoc muscorum Ag.ex Born.et Flah., Microchaete calothrichoides Hansing, Microcoleus acutissimus Gardner,. Oscillatoria princeps Vaucher ex Gomont, Oscillatoria proboscidea Gomont and Oscillatoria obscura Bruhl et Biswas.
Keywords: BGA, Distribution, Nitrogen fixation, Algae.

ABSTRACT
1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus is a versatile nucleus. It has attracted the attention of medicinal chemists in the development
of newer compounds in the recent years at a large scale. This nucleus exhibits a wide variety of biological activities. The main activities include anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-HIV, anti-tubercular, anti-carbonic anhydrase etc. This nucleus due to presence of three heteroatoms acts as a hydrogen binding domain and consists of two electron donor systems. Various substitutions on this nucleus and condensation of this nucleus with other compounds leads two newer compounds with modified activity. In the present review we have presented the various methods of synthesis of 1,3,4- thiadiazole derivatives along with their biological activities.
Keywords: Thiadiazole, Biological activities, Heterocyclic compounds.

ABSTRACT
The present study examined the impact of airborne microbes on expiratory flow rate of individuals living in crowd area
of Keelavasal Market, Thanjavure. There are four bacterial isolates in which two were Gram-positive bacteria namely
Staphylococcus sp, and Bacillus sp and another two were gram-negative bacteria were identified as E. coli, Klebsiella sp. In addition to this, there are two fungi namely Aspergillus flavus and Microsporium sp. were also isolated from the present investigation. From the peak expiratory flow rate study, maximum people were found normal while existence of few severe and very severe cases were also identified. Thus, the present study reports the possible reasons for these causes due to airborne microbial populations.

Key words: Peak expiratory flow rate, airborne microbes, Aspergillus flavus, Klepsiella sp, Bacillus sp.

ABSTRACT

An isocratic, simple, precise, accurate, stability-indicating Reversed Phase - HPLC method for rapid separation withshorter runtime was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of Azithromycin, Fluconazole and Ornidazolein combined-dosage form. An Agilent Zorbax SB C18 (250mm x 4.6mm, 5μm) column with mobile phase containing Sodiumdihydrogen orthophosphate (with pH - 5.2) : Acetonitrile in the ratio of 700:300(v/v) was used. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,column temperature was 30°C and eluted compounds were monitored at 236 nm. The retention times of Azithromycin,Fluconazole and Ornidazole were 4.402min, 8.399 min and 2.746min respectively. The correlation co-efficients forAzithromycin, Fluconazole and Ornidazole were found to be 0.99, 0.99 and 0.99 respectively. This newly developed methodwas validated as per ICH guidelines with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, limit of detection, limit ofquantification and robustness. Recovery of Azithromycin, Fluconazole and Ornidazole in formulations was found to be 100%,100% and 100% respectively confirms the non-interferences of the excipients in the formulation. Good resolution between thepeaks for degradation products and the analyte was achieved. Due to its simplicity, rapidness and high precision, this methodwas successfully applied to the estimation of Azithromycin, Fluconazole and Ornidazole in combined dosage form.

Keywords: RP-HPLC, Azithromycin, Fluconazole, Ornidazole estimation.

ABSTRACT Due to human life style modifications and their requirements, the number of industries, power plants, vehicles and burning of fossil fuels and large amount of solid waste materials are increased and introduce various dangerous gaseous and minute particles into the atmosphere. The indication of these dangerous diseases is increased Respiratory Rate (RR) and decreased Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) of affected individuals. So, the study was made to examine RR and PEFR of about 200 male and female samples from semi-urban, urban and rural areas of thanjavur District. Among 200 samples semi-urban was 48.5%, urban showed 38.5% and 13% was rural. In the present study normal samples were observed as 92 (46%). The mildly affected samples were denoted as 26(13%).The moderate samples were showed 41(20.5%).The severe and very severe samples are 23(11.5%),18(9%) respectively. The semi-urban area showed 44(47.8%) normal, 9(34.6%) mild, 23(56.1%) moderate, 14 (60.9%) severe and 7(38.9%) very severe studied samples. The urban area were noted as 38(41.3%) normal samples, 14 (53.8%) mild samples, 13(31.7%) moderate samples, 6(26.1%),6(33.3%) severe and very severe samples. The rural area was recorded as 10(10.9%) normal studied samples, 3(11.5%),5(12.2%),3(13%) and 5(27.8%) mild, moderate, severe and very severe samples respectively. This study showed the more number of altered respiratory and peak expiratory flows rate samples were belonged semi-urban and urban places of study area. Hence, the present study suggested that the environment should be conserved by us for lead a healthy or near healthy life.

Keywords:Air pollution, Respiratory Rate, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Respiratory function.

ABSTRACT
The PDL fibers are a group of connective tissue fibers that attaches a tooth to the alveolar bone. The PDL consist of
cells and extracellular fibers. Damage to the PDL may lead to ankylosis of the tooth making the tooth lose its continuous eruption ability. Dental trauma may cause tearing of the PDL resulting in pain during masticatory function. This article focuses on the importance of PDL fibers in human and also reviews a few patents on PDL fibers.
Keywords:PDL Fibers, Types, Function, Patents etc.